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For immediate release: March 26, 2026

NNSA releases final LANL Site-Wide Environmental Impact Statement (SWEIS) and Decision to pursue massive LANL expansion

However even the largest of last year's expansion plans do not include NNSA's recently doubled plutonium warhead core ("pit") production requirements. As a result, NNSA has already admitted its brand-new SWEIS may be inadequate.

Contact: Greg Mello: 505-577-8563
Permalink * Prior press releases and backgrounders

Albuquerque, NM -- Tomorrow, the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), a semi-autonomous part of the Department of Energy (DOE), will release its final Site-Wide Environmental Impact Statement (SWEIS) for the continued operation of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), along with its first Record of Decision (ROD) based on that SWEIS -- which is to pursue the largest LANL expansion examined, the "Expanded Operations Alternative" (EOA). 

NNSA has already released those documents, which are also available on our web site (EIS-0552: SummaryVol 1Vol 2Record of Decision).

The EOA involves constructing approximately 219* new facilities with a total floor area of 5.597 million sq. ft. The net new construction, after subtracting the sum of  decommissioning, dismantling and disposal (DD&D) projects, is 2.751 million sq. ft. By comparison, the Pentagon has 6.5 M sq. ft. of interior space. The EOA also includes more than 100* facility upgrades, and utility and infrastructure projects totaling 1,190* acres (1.86 sq. miles). It ALSO includes 13,935* acres (21.8 sq. miles) of forest thinning, some of which is habitat for the Mexican Spotted Owl and Jemez Salamander. 

(* indicates figures derived from the draft SWEIS. The final SWEIS figures will likely differ slightly. The figures in bold are from this week's final SWEIS, however.)

This final SWEIS is not an expansion plan per se, let alone a congressionally-authorized and -funded plan. It is rather a smorgasbord of expansion possibilities (construction, demolition, and laboratory operations) for which environmental analysis has been done, in three aggregate levels. Possible projects and their impacts were not analyzed individually. 

In this SWEIS NNSA analyzed three alternatives, into which hundreds of proposed projects and associated programs were placed. NNSA called these, in increasing scale of action, the "No Action Alternative" (NAA), the "Modernized Operations Alternative" (MOA), and finally the EOA, which was chosen. The MOA included everything in the NAA, and added more. The EOA included everything in the MOA, and added yet more.  

All other possible alternatives for the future of LANL were rejected as not meeting mission requirements, or as unreasonable. 

The "No Action" alternative, despite its name, includes a lot of "action": 1.461 million sq. ft. in new construction, plus 192 acres of utility and infrastructure projects, plus the huge operational expansion associated with the 24/7 pit production mission. 

In NNSA's words, 
However, implementation of the increased pit production mission [in the NAA and all the other alternatives] will introduce notable operational changes compared to existing operations. For example, there will be changes in employment, radiological doses to workers and the public, radiological waste quantities, and transportation of nuclear materials/wastes. There will also be an increase in wastes associated with DD&D activities. These DD&D wastes include construction and demolition debris, radioactive wastes (low-level radioactive waste [LLW], mixed LLW [MLLW], and TRU waste), and hazardous wastes (including asbestos-contaminated wastes).
An outline of the estimated environmental consequences of the chosen EOA, in comparison with the NAA and MOA, can be seen in the SWEIS Summary (pp. S-15 to S-23). 

The increased impacts noted are not however increases over the actual situation at LANL today. Some indications of the expected increases in impacts over today's be seen on p. S-24. Drinking water and electricity consumption are expected to roughly double if the EOA is fully implemented, for example, as is petroleum fuel usage. 

However even the largest of last year's expansion plans, the EOA, does not include all of NNSA's recently doubled plutonium warhead core ("pit") production requirements. 

As a result, NNSA has already admitted its brand-new SWEIS may be inadequate ("Wyka Tells County Council LANL Expects To Receive $5.2 Billion In Federal Appropriations With Significant Portion To Support Expanding Nuclear Weapons Activities," Los Alamos Reporter, Mar 5, 2026):
[Ted] Wyka [Los Alamos Field Office Manager] again noted that NNSA doesn’t set policy but implements policy defined by the President or the Department of War.

“This SWEIS is based on a nuclear posture from 2018 or 2019 which had up to 30 pits here in Los Alamos by 2028 with a surge capacity of 80 as well as including Savannah River for its 50. So we’ve designed for at least 30 with a surge capacity of 80 and if our requirements are increased or changed, then we would do a supplemental analysis to confirm whatever numbers we’re supposed to go to to implement those national security requirements,” Wyka said.
NNSA's February 11, 2026 "framework memorandum" stipulates a much higher production rate at LANL:
  • Complete near-term modifications at Los Alamos National Laboratory's Plutonium Facility 4 (PF-4) to enable production of 100 pits and achieve a sustained production rate of at least 60 pits per year and begin production.
    • Pits are to be qualified by being produced using qualified processes. equipment, and staff rather than each pit being independently evaluated and qualified.
  • Position the Savannah River Site (SRS) to facilitate expanded pit production at PF-4 until Savannah River Plutonium Processing Facility (SRPPF) achieves full operations.
  • Implement Plutonium Matrix Execution Team initiatives to increase operational time, production yield, and availability of PF-4 personnel in keeping with program milestones.
In this SWEIS and ROD there is no mention of this mandated higher production rate or what it might mean for environmental impacts. 

In short, this SWEIS has no alternative that includes the current pit mission assigned to LANL. 

The increased pit mission will entail increased plutonium processing, manufacturing, and waste generation as well as additional staff, increased risk of exposures to radiation and other hazards, and commuting. 

Other recent policy changes will also affect the veracity of this SWEIS, including the weakening of worker safety standards for radiation exposure ("Los Alamos National Laboratory to allow for additional annual worker dose, NNSA official says," Santa Fe New Mexican, Feb 28, 2026). 


Study Group director Greg Mello:
"This environmental analysis is incomplete and therefore inaccurate. NNSA knows it may be insufficient and has said so on the record. Publishing work they did last year to "check off an environmental box" was just the easiest and fastest way to move forward. 

"Administration officials have told us that the overarching nuclear weapons policy in this Administration is to "go fast," and that is what they are doing.

"Omission of LANL's actual pit mission in this EIS is however just the tip of much larger anti-environmental iceberg. This EIS comes over five years after the actual decision to build a plutonium bomb factory at Los Alamos was made, in 2020. No factual EIS at all preceded that decision, as we said at the time. Since then, dozens of projects have been quietly approved and implemented without any environmental analysis. This week's analysis follows, rather than precedes, the main decisions it supposedly was to advise. 

"Now that NNSA has this document, we can liken it to a big deck of environmental 'get out of jail free' cards, which NNSA can now play whenever they need to. There's no sincere attempt to protect the environment involved. The Expanded Operations Alternative will actually destroy much of LANL's environment, and place increasing stress on the environment of the whole region. It's there in black and white for those who care to read it. 

"No one should think that with the publication of this SWEIS, the environmental and policy issues associated with LANL's transformation into a factory are closed. They aren't. They are just beginning. We hope to help NNSA discover it has made a mistake.  

"LANL's pit mission is a national blunder that began under the first Trump Administration, continued under Biden, and is now being accelerated in Trump's second term. We believe it will end in tears. We urge all parties to join us in opposing it, starting at stopthebomb.org." 
This press release discusses only some of the underlying procedural issues. For a succinct review of others and an introduction to the sordid history of this SWEIS please see our comments on the Draft SWEIS, Apr 10, 2025. 

***ENDS***

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